GIG ECONOMY AND LABOR ECONOMICS: INCOME STABILITY AND SOCIAL SECURITY FOR PLATFORM WORKERS IN INDIA

Abstract

Abstract: The gig economy has emerged as one of the fastest-growing employment sectors in India, driven by digital platforms such as ride-hailing, food delivery, e-commerce logistics, freelance marketplaces, and professional service platforms. While the gig economy has created flexible employment opportunities and expanded labor market participation, concerns regarding income instability, lack of social security, occupational safety, and employment protection continue to challenge sustainable workforce development. This study examines the relationship between income stability, social security benefits, and job satisfaction among platform workers in India. A descriptive and analytical research design was adopted using data collected from 300 platform workers through a structured questionnaire. Statistical tools including descriptive statistics, mean analysis, correlation, and regression analysis were employed. The findings indicate that income volatility, absence of health insurance, lack of retirement benefits, and uncertain employment conditions significantly affect workers' economic well-being. The study recommends comprehensive social protection policies, platform accountability, and labor reforms to ensure inclusive growth of the gig economy. Keywords: Gig Economy, Platform Workers, Labor Economics, Income Stability, Social Security, Digital Labor, India.